Clinical analysis of 8 cases of transverse testicular ectopia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic outcomes of transverse testicular ectopia (TTE).Methods:Clinical data of 8 cases of TTE treated in the Department of the First Urologic Surgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital and Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2004 to November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, surgical treatment and follow-up results of TTE were summarized.Results:The age of 8 cases of TTE was 1 year 5 months to 5 years.Among the 8 cases of TTE, 6 cases were involved with the left side and 2 cases with the right side.All patients were admitted due to scrotal emptiness.Three cases were combined with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) and 1 case combined with hypospadias.Preoperative diagnosis of TTE was definitely made in 5 cases, involving 4 cases diagnosed by ultrasound and 1 case diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.Laparoscopy was performed in 2 cases, including 1 case treated with laparoscopic scrotopexy, and the other one transferred to an open surgery of trans-septal orchiopexy due to poor development of the spermatic cord.Open surgery was performed in 6 cases, including 1 case with bilateral testicular fixation in the ipsilateral scrotum due to adhesion of spermatic cord closely, and 5 cases with trans-septal orchiopexy.Müllerian ducts residues were excised during surgery in 3 cases combined with PMDS.Postoperative wound infection or hematoma was not reported in all cases.Orchiepididymitis and the involvement of contralateral testes occurred in 1 case treated with trans-septal orchiopexy at 11 months postoperatively, which were relieved after anti-inflammatory treatment.All cases were postoperatively followed up for 3-48 months, and the development and blood supply of bilateral testes were detected normal by ultrasonography.Postoperative testicular atrophy was not reported.Conclusions:The possibility of TTE should be considered in patients with unilateral cryptorchidism combined with contralateral inguinal mass.Ultrasonography is preferred to the diagnosis of TTE.Laparoscopic surgery plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of TTE, which is helpful to identify abnormalities in the Müllerian duct structure.

Effects of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength of veneering ceramic materials to zirconia

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the effect of different materials and techniques on the shear bond strength of veneering ceramic materials to zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 136 sintered zirconia cubes were prepared and randomly divided into four study groups according to corresponding methods of surface treatment and materials: GLN (grinding followed by laser scanning using Noritake Cerabien ZR), SLN (sandblasting followed by laser scanning using Noritake Cerabien ZR), GLV (grinding followed by laser scanning using VITA VM 9), and SLV (sandblasting followed by laser scanning using VITA VM 9). Spraying technique was performed to coat the core. Profilometer, SEM, XRD, EDS, universal testing machine, and stereomicroscope were used to record surface roughness Ra, surface morphology, phase transformation, elemental compositions, shear bond strength SBS values, and failure types, respectively. Specimens were investigated in unaged (not immersed in artificial saliva) and aged (stored in artificial saliva for a month) conditions to evaluate SBS values. RESULTS: Grinding and GLN as first and second surface treatments provided satisfactory Ra values in both conditions (1.05 ± 0.24 µm, 1.30 ± 0.21 µm) compared to sandblasting and other groups (P < .05). The group GLN showed the highest SBS values in both conditions (30.97 ± 3.12 MPa, 29.09 ± 4.17 MPa), while group SLV recorded the lowest (23.96 ± 3.60 MPa, 22.95 ± 3.68 Mpa) (P < .05). Sandblasting showed phase transformation from t-m. Mixed failure type was the commonest among all groups. CONCLUSION: GLN showed to be a reliable method which provided satisfactory bond strength between the veneer ceramic and zirconia. This method might preserve the integrity of fixed dental crowns.

On-line monitoring of multiple component parameters during ethanol fermentation by near-infrared spectroscopy / 生物工程学报

The quantity of biomass, glucose concentration and ethanol concentration are important parameters in ethanol fermentation. Traditional methods are usually based on samples for off-line measurement, which not only requires multiple instruments for test and analysis but also consumes notable time and effort, and therefore is inconvenient for real-time process control and optimization. In this study, an in-situ detection method based on the near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is proposed for measuring the above process parameters in real time. The in-situ measurement is carried out by using an immersion type NIR spectroscopy. A multi-output prediction model for simultaneously estimating the quantity of glucose, biomass and ethanol is established based on a multi-output least-squares support vector regression algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed method can precisely measure the quantity of glucose, biomass and ethanol during the ethanol fermentation process. Compared to the existing partial-least-squares method for modeling and prediction of individual components, the proposed method could evidently improve the measurement accuracy and reliability.

Development of the triazole-fused pyrimidine derivatives as highly potent and reversible inhibitors of histone lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A)

Histone lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been recognized as an important modulator in post-translational process in epigenetics. Dysregulation of LSD1 has been implicated in the development of various cancers. Herein, we report the discovery of the hit compound (IC = 3.93 μmol/L) and further medicinal chemistry efforts, leading to the generation of compound (IC = 49 nmol/L, and = 16 nmol/L), which inhibited LSD1 reversibly and competitively with H3K4me2, and was selective to LSD1 over MAO-A/B. Docking studies were performed to rationalize the potency of compound . Compound also showed strong antiproliferative activity against four leukemia cell lines (OCL-AML3, K562, THP-1 and U937) as well as the lymphoma cell line Raji with the IC values of 1.79, 1.30, 0.45, 1.22 and 1.40 μmol/L, respectively. In THP-1 cell line, significantly inhibited colony formation and caused remarkable morphological changes. Compound induced expression of CD86 and CD11b in THP-1 cells, confirming its cellular activity and ability of inducing differentiation. The findings further indicate that targeting LSD1 is a promising strategy for AML treatment, the triazole-fused pyrimidine derivatives are new scaffolds for the development of LSD1/KDM1A inhibitors.

The preliminary experience of modified percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion under transthoracic echocardiographic guidance without general anesthesia / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of modified percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (PLAAO) under transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) guidance without general anesthesia instead of transesophageal echocardiographic guidance.Methods A total of 14 patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent modified PLAAO guided by TTE instead of TEE without general anesthesia.Regular clinical follow-up observations of PLAAO-related major adverse events were done in the perioperative period.Results All patients were successfully implanted with left atrial appendage occluder device (Watchman) without device-related serious complications.Immediately occlusion success rate was 100％.No major adverse events occurred during hospitalization and follow-up.The mean operation time was 108 ± 22 min(range 75-150 min)and the mean radiation exposure time was 15.8 ± 7.6 min(range 8-32 min).Conclusion Modified PLAAO guided by TTE instead of TEE without general anesthesia may be safe and effective.This method simplifies the operation process and is favorable for PLAAO application.But this modified PLAAO is still needed to be validated in more patients.

Advances in research of molecular mechanism of phenylketonuria and its treatments / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a severe autosomal recessive disease which can cause irreversible damage to patients' neural system and results in severe mental retardation.Although the institution of a lowphenylalanine (Phe) diet has been a remarkable success in preventing the devastating damage associated with untreated PKU,there are always small but consistent gap in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores and executive functioning when compared to siblings or healthy age-related control groups.During the past few years,several types of new treatment strategies,such as genetic engineering,enzyme replacement,tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4),large neutral amino acids (LNAA),low-Phe diet and liver or liver cell transplantation therapies,have been studied and improved.This paper aims to introduce the research advances in pathogenesis of PKU,the treatment methods and the related molecular mechanism.

Changes in cerebral hemodynamics in different body positions in healthy volunteers / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in cerebral hemodynamics in different body positions in healthy volunteers.Methods Sixty right-handed healthy male volunteers,aged 22-26,height 167-178 cm,weighing 51-67 kg,were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =15 each): 15 degrees head-down tilt group (group Ⅰ ),30 degrees head-down tilt group (group Ⅱ ),15 degrees head-up tilt group (group Ⅲ) and 30 degrees head-up tilt group (group Ⅳ ).Blood flow signals of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and extracranial internal carotid artery (EICA) were detected by transcranial Doppler and systolic blood flow velocity (Vs),diastolic blood flow velocity (Vd ),mean blood flow velocity (Vm),pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) were recorded at supine position (baseline),immediately,10 and 30 min after body position change(T1-3 ).Lindegaard index was calculated.Results Compared with the baseline,in group [Ⅱ Lindegaard index was increased at T2,while Vs and Vm of MCA were decreased at T2,3,in group Ⅳ Vs of MCA and PI of EICA at T2,Vd and Vm of MCA at T2,3 were decreased ( P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in the variables mentioned above in the other two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion In healthy adults,cerebral blood flow velocity decreases in 30 degrees headdown and head-up tilt positions,however there is no change in cerebral blood flow velocity in 15 degrees headdown and head-up tilt positions.

Effects of Rehabilitation Intervening in Different Stage of Stroke on Activities of Daily Living / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the effects of rehabilitation intervening in different stage on activities of daily living of old stroke patients. Methods 74 old cases were divided into 3 group according to the time from onset of stroke to rehabilitation intervention: group A (＜3 months), group B (3～6 months), and group C (>6 months). They were treated with routine rehabilitation for 2 months and assessed with Barthel Index before and after rehabilitation. Results All the patients improved their ADL significantly after rehabilitation (P=0.000), and those in group A improved more than in group C (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between group A and B, and group B and C (P>0.05). Conclusion The rehabilitation can effectively improve the ADL of old stroke patients. The early the rehabilitation intervenes, the better the ADL is.